MNEs

Mr. Naoyuki Haraoka's picture

SMEs Can Benefit from Globalization through Indirect Exports

Many anti-globalization activists doubt small and medium enterprises (SMEs) can profit from economic globalization given their competitive disadvantages versus multinational enterprises (MNEs). The good news for SMEs is that MNEs building global supply chains for products such as home electronics or electric appliances will need parts and components from SMEs to achieve competitiveness since many key components are made by SMEs.

Mr. Naoyuki Haraoka's picture

Infrastructure for Global Value Chains

The nature of the utilization of global value chains (GVCs) is a key element in determining the type of activity of multinational enterprises (MNEs). At the most primitive stage, trade in agricultural, mineral, or light-industrial products is dominant and relatively slow paced. Thus, there is little time sensitivity. At the second stage, business operations are more sophisticated and time sensitive.